Hege Storhaug, HRS
Jeg kan ikke erindre at vi i vesten tidligere har vitnet æresdrapssak der fire personer er ofre. Saken i Canada vekker naturlig nok betydelig oppsikt og setter integreringsperspektiv på den politiske dagsordenen.
Familien det handler om har bakgrunn fra Afghanistan, flyttet så til Pakistan i 1992, og deretter videre til Australia, Dubai, og så til Canada i 2007. Vitner forteller om en streng familie preget av vold. Verken gutter eller jenter i familien fikk ha forhold til motsatt kjønn før ferdig utdannelse. Eldste datteren på 19 år, som hadde giftet seg med en pakistanscanadisk kjæreste, rømte hjemmefra i en periode, og søstrene ba myndighetene om å bli fjernet fra hjemmet. Førstekona (52), som var ufruktbar, ble også fysisk mishandlet, og dagboken hennes vitner om at hun ville skille seg. Dette skal ha vært motivet for å inkludere henne i planen om å drepe døtrene. Motivet for å drepe døtrene skal ha vært at de ikke adlød den strenge faren ved at de kledde seg vestlig og hadde guttevenner, meldte rights.no for et par uker siden.
Samtlige tiltalte benektet at de hadde drept jentene og førstekona. De mente de tre jentene og førstekona, som jentene kalte for ”tante”, omkom i en bilulykke. Aktoratet kunne derimot legge frem blant annet lydopptak og e-poster som vitner om en familie sterkt preget av æreskultur, og der faren, som er en rik forretningsmann, underla døtrene et strengt kontrollregime, melder Daily Mail.
VG har publisert en artikkel om saken der det heter at de tre døtrene tilhørte den drepte førstekona. Dette er altså feil.
The jury had taken 15 hours to find Mohammad Shafia, 58, his wife Tooba Yahya, 42; and their son Hamed, 21, each guilty of four counts of first-degree murder.
The four bodies were found in June 2009 in a car submerged in a canal in Kingston, Ontario, where the family had stopped for the night on their way home from Niagara Falls.
Prosecutors said the daughters were killed because they dishonored the family by defying rules on dress, dating, socialising and going online.
After the verdict was read, the three defendants again declared their innocence in the killings of sisters Zainab, 19, Sahar 17, and Geeti, 13, as well as Rona Amir Mohammad, 52, Shafia’s childless first wife in a polygamous marriage.
After the jury returned the verdicts, Mohammad Shafia, speaking through a translator, said: ‘We are not criminal, we are not murderer, we didn’t commit the murder and this is unjust.’
His weeping wife, Tooba, also declared the verdict unjust. She said: ‘I am not a murderer, and I am a mother, a mother.’
Their son, Hamed, speaking in English said: ‘I did not drown my sisters anywhere.’
But Judge Robert Maranger was unmoved, saying the evidence clearly supported their conviction for ‘the planned and deliberate murder of four members of your family’.
‘It is difficult to conceive of a more despicable, more heinous crime … the apparent reason behind these cold-blooded, shameful murders was that the four completely innocent victims offended your completely twisted concept of honor … that has absolutely no place in any civilized society.’
The defense had contended the car accidentally plunged into the canal after one of the daughters went on a joy ride.
The accused killed the girls because they dishonoured the family by defying its disciplinarian rules on dress, dating, socialising and going online.
The fourth victim was Shafia’s first wife, who was infertile, and was living with the family in Montreal. The polygamous relationship, if revealed, could have resulted in their deportation.
Prosecutor Laurie Lacelle had previously told the court: ‘Shafia, Tooba and Hamed had decided that there was a diseased limb on their family tree. Their decision was to trim the diseased limb and prune the tree back to the good wood.’
The trio denied the killings, claiming that evidence points to the deaths being an accident.
Police made a grisly discovery in the summer of 2009 in canal locks east of Toronto when they found the bodies of the three sisters and 52-year-old Rona Amir Mohammad in a submerged Nissan car.
The prosecution alleged it was a premeditated murder, staged to look like an accident after it was carried out.
The court heard evidence that it appears the four made no attempt to escape the car through an open window, and the bodies were found eerily suspended inside.
There was no one in the driver’s seat and three of the bodies had bruising to the back of their heads.
Defence lawyer Peter Kemp suggested that was plausible in an accident scenario.
The family had left Afghanistan in 1992 and lived in Pakistan, Australia and Dubai before settling in Canada in 2007.
Shafia, a wealthy businessman, married Yahya because his first wife could not have children.
The months leading up to the deaths were not happy ones in the Shafia household, the court heard.
Zainab, the oldest at 19, was forbidden to attend school for a year because she had a young Pakistani-Canadian boyfriend, and she fled to a shelter, terrified of her father, the court was told.
During the trial the court was played recordings in which Shafia talks about his daughters and the fact that they were dating while ranting about the family’s honour.
Zainab had married her boyfriend angering Shafia and causing family turmoil. After Yahya said that she knew Zainab was ‘already done’ but wished ‘the two others’ weren’t, he responded saying: ‘No Tooba, they were treacherous’.
Speaking about pictures of his daughter he said he was consoled adding: ‘When I tell you to be patient, you tell me that it is hard.
‘It isn’t harder than watching them every hour with (boyfriends). For this reason whenever I see those pictures, I am consoled. I say to myself, «You did well. Would they come back to life a hundred times, for you to do the same again».’
Jurors were also shown email exchanges between Zainab and her boyfriend. One explicitly warned of the potential danger her brother posed.
During the trial, Mohamma Yahya took the stand and used her time to rebut the view of their household as a harsh one.
She said that her husband only hit the children once and used to badger them verbally if they were bad, not beat them.
Yahya described a tolerant house where the girls were not required to wear the traditional Muslim headscarf and were not forbidden from wearing makeup.
She did uphold the theory that their family forbid-not only the girls- all of their seven children from dating until they graduated from high school.
‘Me and Shafia and also Rona, we decided that (until) the time that the children graduated from school and they … show their diploma to us, they are not allowed to have girlfriend or boyfriend or to get married,’ Yahya said on the stand.
In addition to disputing the views of other witnesses, including Shafia’s brother-in-law who said that Shafia tried to enlist him in a plan to drown Zainab, Yahya also had to address the many grievances listed in Rona’s diary.
Rona described a violent and miserable household where she was abused and pushed out. Apparently Rona wanted a divorce and that was the reason why Shafia allegedly included her among his disobedient daughters in the honour killing.
Other witnesses said the eldest daughter, Zainab, was forbidden to attend school for a year because she had a boyfriend.
The jury heard testimony that Zainab’s sisters, Sahar, 17, and Geeti, 13, were hounded and trailed by their brothers because the parents suspected them of dating boys; that Sahar repeatedly said her father would kill her if he found out she had a boyfriend; that she had bruises on her arms; that Mohammad, the first wife who was helping to raise the children, also was brutally treated.
Zainab ran away from home for a couple of weeks and her sisters contacted authorities, saying they wanted to be removed from the house because of violence and their father’s strict parenting, the prosecution said.
Prosecutor Laurie Lacelle presented wire taps and cell phone records from the Shafia family in court. In one phone conversation, the father says his daughters ‘betrayed us immensely’.
Fazil Javad, Shafia’s brother-in-law, said Shafia tried to enlist him in a plan to drown Zainab.
‘Even if they hoist me up to the gallows, nothing is more dear to me than my honour. There is nothing more valuable than our honour,’ Ms Lacelle quoted Shafia as saying in an intercept transcript.
The case brought up major questions about immigration and cultural integration in Canada, which takes in 250,000 immigrants a year, more per capita than anywhere save Australia.
In recent years a number of so-called honour killings have prompted debate about absorbing immigrants into the mainstream and dealing with culture clashes between immigrant parents and their children.
More than 80 Canadian Muslim organizations, imams and community leaders have signed a call for action against ‘the reality of domestic violence within our own communities, compounded by abhorrent and yet persistent pre-Islamic practices rooted in the misguided notion of restoring family honour’.